Discuss safe urinary catheterisation of a male patient defining the Essay

Discuss safe urinary catheterisation of a male patient defining the indications and contra indications and the potential complications that may arise - Essay Example es are verified, they should be positioned as comfortable as possible in order to reduce anxiety and also facilitate access to their anatomy (Michael 2012, p. 31). The proper type and size of catheter is selected and then the genital area cleansed thoroughly. In case of an uncircumcised patient, the foreskin should be retracted and the area cleansed with saline (Saint 2000, p. 804). This reduces chances of contamination and trauma to the urethra. The penile urethra is straightened by extending the penis at a 90 degree angle to the body to facilitate the administration of local anaesthetic gel. The gel, which requires approximately five minutes to take effect, will dilate, lubricate and anaesthetise the urethral passage (Bradsley, A 2005, p. 45). The catheter is then inserted approximately 20 centimetres into the urethra, at which point urine should flow. In case of resistance at the sphincter, gentle pressure should be applied on the catheter. It is then inflated to make sure it rema ins in situ and a suitable closed drainage unit attached. Before the foreskin is returned to its position, it must be dry and clean (Francis 2008, p. 69). Indications include acute urinary retention, hygienic care of patients who are bedridden and monitoring the output of urine. Traumatic injury of the urinary tract, such as a urethral tear, will contraindicate urinal catheterisation. Possible complications include infection, bladder spasm and trauma to the bladder neck or urethra (Stewart 1998, p. 124). Michael, S 2012, ‘A review of strategies to decrease the duration of indwelling urethral catheters and potentially reduce the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections’, Urology Nursing, vol. 32, no. 1, pp.

Abortion rights supporting Pro-Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Abortion rights supporting Pro-Life - Essay Example The opponents of abortion point out that aborting the foetus is equivalent to murder since life starts at conception and foetus can feel pain (Beckwith 45). One would argue that no civilised society that allows intentional harming others and taking human life without punishment. Pro-life arguments assert that abortions are unsafe and lead to medical complications that increase the chances of pelvic inflammatory diseases and miscarriages (Kaczor 76). However, pro-choice arguments assert that pro-life arguments are based on religious beliefs that vary depending on the cultural values of the society and modern medical abortion procedures are safe for the mother (Lee 56). The proponents of abortion assert that abortion is effective in birth and population control since mothers do not have sufficient resources to take care of unwanted children. According anti-pro-life arguments assert abortion is essential in cases of rape since it minimises the psychological trauma and stress that is ass ociated with unwanted pregnancies (Singer 34). This paper will critically discuss the pro-life arguments of abortion and demonstrate why abortion should be banned in the society. Abortion should be abolished since human life is sacred and aborting amounts to killing innocent unborn babies. The unborn baby has same rights as the mother who should be protect the right to life since life begins at conception (Lee 88). In this case, no civilised society allows for murder or intentional harm without any punishment and abortion should be treated the same. Abortion should not be used as a contraceptive or population control method since there are millions of childless couples willing to adopt unwanted children in the society (Beckwith 87). Reinman asserts that abortion is associated with severe medical complications that endanger the life of the mother (p 56). According to available medical statistics and expert opinions, women who abort have a higher likelihood of developing pelvic inflam matory disease and may experience miscarriages in the future (Beckwith 121). In this case, about 15 percent of the first-trimester miscarriages are related to prior abortion experiences. It is evident that abortion endangers the health of the mother by increasing the risks of reproductive diseases, cancer, ectopic pregnancies and infertility thus women should not undertake a process that can permanently damage their body. Physicians and gynecologists have a professional responsibility of safeguarding the dignity of life in their practice and observing the ethical guidelines that prohibit abortions and inducing the patient to undertake medical procedures that may lead to death. In this case, doctors must be on the forefront in discouraging abortions and encouraging other scientifically accepted and safe birth control methods. Abortion only provides an opportunity for medical personnel to make money as most of the abortion cases are not documented in the health facilities. In this cas e, abortion is not helpful the affected women and taxpayers’ money should not be wasted in setting up abortion clinics in the health facilities. Abortion eliminates the potential future societal contributions of the unborn baby thus reducing the economic, social and political benefits to the society (Kaczor 63). The society would be worse if national heroes such as scientists, presidents, entrepreneurs and other people who have made great changes to their communities and entire country were aborted (Lee 98). In this case, abortion must be abolished since the society has the duty to grant the unborn babies a chance to serve the community and make a difference on the

Paper 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Paper 3 - Essay Example This argument attracted substantial opposing replies. One of the most significant responses argued that if at all the world is poorly designed then it also means that it presupposes the designer. Further counterargument gives a more emphatic reply by stating that maybe there are possibilities that the design of the world has not yet sufficiently been realized in its full perfection, but not based on arguments that it is not perfect. As such, these are just some of the contributing tenets arousing arguments with respect to traditional and natural dialogues on religion that in turn impact on the philosophy of reason, beliefs and morals. However, even from the counterarguments, further theoretical explanations seem to question the reliability of the design of the world. This is for instance significantly represented by Darwin’s theory of evolution. Although Darwin’s theory indirectly describes the design of the world because it only centers on creation of life through natural selection, it has triggered continued conflict between science and religion (Solomon, Clancy & Higgins, 2012). In particular, the church views Darwin’s theory as a factor undermining the credibility of the church because it seems to contradict the church teachings about God as the sole creator of the world. However, if one looks at it from a different perspective from Genesis, the creation was spread across several days, meaning that the idea of natural selection might still hold. Morals, religions, and evil as the three traditional forms of proof for God’s existence have also additionally attracted arguments. Counterarguments suggest that for one to believe in morals, religion and evil; it has to start from the belief in God. Furthermore, these arguments also maintain that the three does not adequately provide actual proofs for God’s existence. Emanuel Kant, for instance, as one of the earliest philosophers that offered counterarguments on religion and morals

Based Occupational Therapy for Adolescent Children Research Proposal

Based Occupational Therapy for Adolescent Children - Research Proposal Example Some agencies are starting to get involve in the public information campaign on various drug prevention and control programs whereby it adheres to the idea of using social influence and role playing to discourage adolescents from starting drug use and encourage them to refuse drugs in the future and consequently improve children's social health status. Historically, human infants are born without any culture. There must be transformation by their parents, teachers, and others into cultural and socially proficiently animals. The overall process of acquiring culture is referred to as socialization. During socialization, people learn the language of the culture they are born into, so as the roles they are to play in life. For instance, girls learn how to be daughters, wives, sisters, friends, and mothers. In addition, they learn about the occupational roles that their society has in store for them. People also learn and usually adopt culture's norms through the socialization process. Norms are the conceptions of appropriate and expected behavior that are held by most members of the society. While socialization refers to the general process of acquiring culture, anthropologists use the term enculturation during the socialization process to a particular culture. Early childhood is the period of the most intense and the most critical so cialization. It is then that we acquire language and learn the fundamentals of our culture. It is also when much of one's personality takes shape. But, note that if one continue to be socialized throughout lifetime. As people age, we enter new statuses and need to learn the appropriate roles for them. We also have experiences that teach us lessons and potentially lead us to alter our expectations, beliefs, and personality. For instance, the unpleasant experience of being raped would tend to cause a woman to be distrustful of others. According to Stoffel and Moyers (2004), individuals with problem on substance abuse are often referred to occupational therapy with the help of professional that deals more on self care, productivity through purposeful activities to help achieve the client's full recovery. Occupational therapy is a therapeutic activity or workshop that provides real life experiences to enhance individual's personality uplift self and has a meaningful life by means of rehabilitation. The major role of occupational therapists is to help the client become a successful member of the society again by allowing individual to develop a healthy lifestyle and participate in therapeutic activities (Gerrie ter Haar and James J. Busuttil 2005). Gordon (2003) stated that individual should change old habits by learning new skills and living a balance life that changes addictive behaviors to positive lifestyle, which uniquely outfitted to occupational therapy. Occupational therapy teaches skills to establish individual's role in the community. The purpose is to help individual balance responsibilities through learning effective coping strategies can communicate effectively and can be able adjust to stressful

How to Use the Social Media as a Platform for Employees to Raise Assignment

How to Use the Social Media as a Platform for Employees to Raise Grievances and Share Knowledge - Assignment Example Many people interact with others in the virtue communities using social media. However, social media can be used by the organization to enable employees to raise grievances and share information, which can benefit other employees in the organization. According to previous studies conducted on the benefits of social media, this problem has never been addressed, and is, that many people spend their time in the social communities there is a need to tap the energy and use it for the good of the organization. Many inconsistencies in the literature have been identified when it comes to the identification of how social media can be in the organization to achieve productivity. Therefore, the research is designed to answer a recommended future resea5rch question. The significance of the study is to identify how social media can be sued in an organization to achieve information sharing and raising grievances. This is because several employees have difficulty raising grievances in the organization, as their employees may be discriminatory. Therefore, by using social media employees can raise their grievances to the upper management; hence, ensuring that their grievances will be raised. According to, the use of scorecard on the social network that can use to help the organization in identifying new ways to improve knowledge flows. The information flow in the organization can be linked to communication media that is equal in all working environments.  The significance of the study is to identify how social media can be sued in organization to achieve information sharing and raising grievances. This is because several employees have difficulty raising grievances in the organization, as their employees may be discriminatory.  

Critical Response of Aflaq, al-Husri, Rida, Khalidi Essay

Critical Response of Aflaq, al-Husri, Rida, Khalidi - Essay Example This term simply refers to according much patriotism to one’s ethnic, as well as the tribal community, other than the government (Hobsbawn 48). Therefore, this script will keenly address the issue of protonationalism according to Hobsbawm. In addition, it will further illustrate the elements of protonationalism identified by Khalidi among Palestinians in 19th and 20th century, together with their contributions to their later nationalist identity formation. The paper will further examine the existence of a unified Palestinian peasant identity. In his endeavor to understand the issue of protonationalism among communities, Hobsbawm starts by wondering why such an association should occur in any given societal setting. For instance, he wonders, why people from a similar state ought to form some communities, as well as associations that make them view the rest as strangers. Hobsbawn explains the concept of protonationalism to have its origin from the existence of feelings resulting to the growth of interests that result to a feeling of a collective belonging (Hobsbawn 49). The current literature that explains the origin, the expansion, as well as the effects of protonationalism has identified two main distinct examples of the above concept. The first example of protonationalism, known as the Supra-local, does not entail the circles in which individuals from a given setting spend their lives. It goes beyond the family setting, and immediate towns, popular to a region’s inhabitants (Khalindi). The second type of protonationalism is the political bonds. Khali located several proto-nationalist elements among the Palestinians. For instance, he listed some of them as language, ethnicity, religion, icons, and awareness of belonging to a long-lasting political distinctiveness (Suleiman 206).Hobsbawn says that, â€Å"for language was merely one, and not necessarily the primary way of distinguishing between cultural communities† (Hobsbawn 58). A language is significant in the nationalist identity formation. First, it acts as an avenue of communication in both the political, as well as the cultural activism. In addition, Hobsbawn reveals ethnicity as another element of proto-nationalism. Hobsbawn say that, â€Å"ethnicity in the Herodotean sense was, is and can be something that binds together populations living on a large territories. ’’ (Hobsbawn 64). The identification of an individual with a certain ethnicity has a basis on assumed common lineage. Hobsbawn concludes that,â€Å" where an elite literary or administrative language exists, however a small number of its actual user, it can become an important element of proto-national cohesion† (Hobsbawn 59). The acknowledgment by others as a separate cultural group is often a contributing aspect to developing this link of recognition. Religion brings people to a common belief system. This is attributable to customs and beliefs that unite people and keep them at peace. Hobsbawn argues that, â€Å"religion is paradoxical cement for proto-nationalism and indeed for modern nationalism’’ (Hobsbawn 64). Ethnic groups are often united by universal culture, basis of social integration, social change, as well as the social control. It directs people towards a certain direction. It also provides conditions and restrictions that serve to limit people’s behavior. Therefore, people are limited in their actions because no entity is supposed to

Progressive Islam and Environmental Research Paper

Progressive Islam and Environmental - Research Paper Example Any change in Islamic region has often been resisted because it was seen as bringing about western values into the religion. However, with globalization there is need for inter-religious interaction. This necessitates for religions being more accommodative to other religions. This is why many organizations have come about to bring about progress in Islam. This is aimed at making the religion more flexible and only to be based on Islam values and not on strict and rigid rules. This paper discusses the progressive Islam and the environment in which it operates. It is first important to look at the history of Islam in order to discover the need for progressive Islam. By the end of the section you will discover that Islam in itself was not such a strict and rigid religion. The pre-Islamic Arab society was made up of unbelievers. There was need for change at social and political and moral and spiritual level. The need for change at moral and spiritual level met greater resistance than nee d for change at social and political level. This is because the Meccan Society was spiritually and morally stagnant. The spiritual and moral values kept going down. The tribes in the society carried out trade, which brought profits and great wealth. The wealth was concentrated in the few which led them to neglect others. There were all sorts of Idol worship and superstitions in the society. This sort of spiritual degradation was common among the Meccan Arabs. Their customs and traditions became an obstacle to change. Examples of this included burying girl child alive, maltreatment of women and sexual immorality. During this time there were no teachings or writings that could guide the society. The society worshipped the ancestors. There was great religious vacuum in the society. The religion that was around the Arabs was Christianity which they were unwilling to accept because it was associated with Roman dictatorship, which they were against. They argued that accepting Christianity was like losing their independence. The gap between the rich and the poor began causing tensions among the Meccan society. This led to the rise of Qur’an teachings. The teachings responded to these tensions by stressing on knowledge, justice by redistributing wealth in the society and spiritual and moral uplift. This was to solve most of the problems in the Meccan Society. As it can be seen, Islam arose not only as a movement for change but also as a moral and spiritual force. Its insistence on knowledge, social justice, spiritual and moral justice makes the religion inherently progressive. Islam taken from its origin does not need advocating for progressiveness. It responded to moral spiritual and social needs of all. The Qur’an teachings are sympathetic to the weak in the society and gives equal rights to women as men in the society. The Qur’an gives out the rights of women in marriage and inheritance of property and states that women should be given equal di gnity. For this religion to be progressive it must accept the gender equality. The progressive aspects of Islam were lost. The pre-Islamic traditions were not abandoned even after embracing Islam. The poor attitude towards women remained. The people even attempted to interpret the Qur’an together with their traditional believes. This led them to develop their own rules alongside the Qur’an. These laws were known as Sheri’ah. Some of these laws went against the teachings of Qur’an. Take for example allowing triple divorce which was a condemned