Biography of Olympic Figure Skater Oksana Baiul

Oksana Bauil (born Oksana Serhiyivna Baiul, November 16, 1977) is an Olympic figure skater from Ukraine. Bauil was the first athlete from Ukraine to win Olympic gold in any sport, but her post-career personal troubles put her in the headlines for different reasons. Soviet Childhood Oksana was born in Dnepropetrovsk, a military-industrial city, in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (then part of the Soviet Union). Her parents, Sergei and Marina, divorced when she was only two years old, and Sergei disappeared shortly after, whether of his own choice or due to disapproval from the town after the divorce. Oksana was raised by her mother and her maternal grandparents. At the age of three, Oksana began figure skating lessons, as well as ballet. Ultimately, she preferred skating, and by the age of five, she was training with Stanislav Koritek, a well-respected coach in Ukraine. Her family paid for all her expenses, even as they mounted. However, she suffered several losses close together: her grandparents died in 1987 and 1988, and then, in 1991, her mother Marina died suddenly and unexpectedly from what turned out to be ovarian cancer. Oksana was only thirteen. Coaching Changes and Olympic Success Even after the deaths of all her closest family members, more loss was still to come for Oksana. Her coach Koritek moved to Canada in 1992 to coach there, since there was little to no support for figure skating in Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. With Oksanas promising career left dangling, the Ukrainian figure skating federation connected her with another coach, Galina Zmievskaya. Zmievskaya agreed not only to coach Oksana, but to allow her to live with her family in Odessa. Oksanas skating progressed rapidly under Zmievskayas tutelage. In 1993, she took home the silver medal at the European Championships, finishing behind French skater Surya Bonaly. At the World Championships that same year, she suffered an accident during practice that displaced disks in her back and neck and damaged the blades of her skates. She skated through the injury and equipment damage to win the world title at the age of fifteen. The 1993-1994 season would prove to be the peak of Oksanas career. She again won silver at Europeans (behind Bonaly, again) and was sent to the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, to represent Ukraine. After the short program portion of the competition, she was ranked second behind American Nancy Kerrigan. However, like at the previous World Championships, Oksana suffered an accident during practice before the free skate portion: a collision with German skater Tanja Szewcaenko resulted in a back injury and a cut on her leg requiring stitches. Nevertheless, she skated a strong free skate to overtake Kerrigan for Olympic gold. At the age of 16, she was the second-youngest Olympic skating champion in history at the time. Post-Olympic Struggles Despite her Olympic win, Oksana returned to a financially-struggling life in Ukraine. Even the conditions at the ice rink where she and fellow Ukrainian Olympian Viktor Petrenko practiced had been neglected due to lack of funds. Although she could have continued her amateur competitive career, the conditions and lack of support drove Oksana to turn professional instead. She and Zmievskaya negotiated her contract to tour in the United States. Although it was a more lucrative decision, the touring affected her health in several ways. Despite having knee surgery after the Olympics, she returned to the ice quickly in order to practice for touring shows, which permanently affected her ability to execute difficult jumps in particular. She also developed a drinking habit while on tour, which would haunt her for years, get her dropped from the Champions on Ice tour in 1997, and result in several scandalous headlines. In the mid-1990s, figure skating specials were commonplace on American television, and Oksana starred in two: The Nutcracker On Ice and The Wizard of Oz on Ice, both for CBS. the network also produced a 1994 television movie, A Promise Kept, about her life. After her drinking got her booted from the top-tier touring circuit, she continued to make appearances in skating shows, non-skating television programs, and charity shows. In November 2011, Oksana and her manager, Carlo Farina, found evidence of mismanagement of funds by her agency, William Morris. She successfully recovered $9.5 million. This was not the only lawsuit she engaged in. She also sued NBC for unauthorized use of her image, and accused Zmievskaya, Petrenko, and their manager Joseph Lemire of fraud and of falsely attempting to represent her in Ukrainian court proceedings. Present Day Oksana has mostly retired from public life. She married her manager Farina in 2015, changing her name to Oksana Baiul-Farina, and moving to Las Vegas. Unlike many other skaters of her era, she has not rejoined the skating world as a coach or commentator, instead leaving behind a single moment where she was the undisputed best in the world. Sources: Baiul, Oksana. Oksana: My Own Story. Random House, 1997.Oksana Baiul. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 12 Nov. 2018, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oksana-Baiul

Culture As A Different Perception Of Behavior - 1713 Words

Introduction Culture is termed as the way of life, activities, customs, and beliefs of a group of people or society. In deeper context, Phil Smith describes it in his book ‘Cultural Theory’ in six different definitions (Smith, 2001). They are as follows: i. Structural definitions –depicts a culture as a different perception of behavior ii. Psychological definitions- illuminates culture as playing a role in solving problems by allowing individuals to interact, learn and satisfy both material and emotional wants. iii. Historical definitions- breaks down culture as a heritage passed down to upcoming generations. iv. Normative definitions- illustrate culture in two forms. One, as a way of life that influenced behavior and action (an example being how culture is defined in tribes). Second, culture is the role of values without the mention of behavior. v. Descriptive definitions-defines culture as a wide-ranging totality that includes two ideas of social life and behavior. vi. Genetic definitions –describes a culture in terms of how it came to be and its continued existence. Culture covers all aspects and various levels of life without much concern in the arts (Smith, 2001). In reference to the context, Lia Lee’s family was cultural, in that they still held on to a belief that was passed on to them from previous generations. Cultural competence Cultural competence is the ability of an individual to work and communicate well with other people from a variety ofShow MoreRelatedPerception, Motivation and Behavior Within Organizations Essay1297 Words   |  6 PagesHow Perception Influences Motivation and Behavior within Organizations There are a lot of factors that affect a person’s behavior or that will influence their motivation. As leaders it is important to try and understand these underlining factors to be able to improve decision making and outcomes for the organization. One area that can have a big impact on behavior and motivation is perception. Perception is described by Gibson, Ivancevich, Donnelly, Konopaske (2009) as the individual’sRead MoreCulture Control On People s Existence1236 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Culture by definition is a group of people’s way of life which involves the individual’s standards, beliefs, behaviors and symbols that are acceptable by them without any hesitation or thinking or even consideration about them and they are passed through imitation and communication from one generation to another (Eliot, 30). Culture is important in developing our thinking and the way of life. In addition, culture is significant in developing our attitude and in building close associationRead MoreAbstract. The Continuum Model Proposed By Fiske And Neuberg1284 Words   |  6 Pages1999 explains how people can use different impression formation processes to categorize new acquaintances in different social environments. These being category-based processing, which might be even seen as primitive and innate from the human consciousness, we can slowly move towards a more piecemeal data-based processing as our motivation and relative importance is increased. Otherwise we stan d in an almost superficial stereotypical assumption of human perception. Keywords: Continuum model,Read MoreThe Right Kind Of Care795 Words   |  4 PagesCare Cultural identities and our personalities affect our perceptions. There’s a tendency to favor others who exhibit cultural or personality traits that match up with our own. Effective communication with people of different cultures can be especially challenging. Intercultural communication occurs when a member from one culture produces a message that absorbed by a member of another culture. As stated by (Jandt, 2015), â€Å"human perception is usually thought of as a three-step process of selectionRead MoreRelationship Between Shared And Personal Knowledge1373 Words   |  6 Pagesknowledge can be seen in the Human Sciences and the Arts by evaluating culture in general and more specifically, how it affects human development and the changing of art periods throughout time in order to determine how personal knowledge is shaped by shared knowledge. In the human sciences, shared knowledge forms personal knowledge through the processes of culturization and socialization. Often, the shared knowledge created by culture shapes the social development of people, which is personal knowledgeRead MoreAn Individual’S Sexual Curiosity In And Enticement To Other1095 Words   |  5 Pagessexuality. Different from sexuality, biological sex is classified through genetics, anatomy, hormones and physiology; female or male. An individual s intelligence of their own gender refers to gender identity or sociocultural classification, which is also set apart from sexuality; however, it is constructed on biological sex and shapes sexual orientation. Sexuality is practiced and displayed in several ways that include opinions, imaginations, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, practicesRead MoreSocial Psychology1052 Words   |  5 Pages2012, March 2). Self-Knowledge Socialization is being a participant of different activities and interactions with people, being part of a culture that we are born into or a religion, etc. Reflected Appraisals are reactions about our actions with people and how we evaluate them and or perceive us. Self-perception theory says that, When people are unsure about their feelings and motivations, they will use their own behavior to infer what they feel (Sears, D. O., Peplau, L. A., Taylor, S., 2012)Read MoreReflection Paper On Culture And Structure1309 Words   |  6 PagesReflection Paper Culture and structure do contribute to or reinforce racial inequality. Cultural traits which are among others the common outlooks, method of behavior, values, etiquette and beliefs that emanate from patterns of intragroup relations in situations brought about by discrimination and segregation. These traits are a reflection of collective experiences in those situations. Racism has in the past been one of the most rampant cultural frames in in the United States. It has also beenRead MoreCultural Perceptions of Intelligence in Japanese and American Indian Societies1300 Words   |  6 Pagestesting community, there are many criticisms of intelligence testing. One such criticism is the absence of race and culture as influential factors of intelligence (Carroll, 2010). The definition of intelligence can be personalized to one’s culture. While some studies look to examine intelligence in an age bracket, an important feature that is not taken into account is how culture influences intelligence and development (Sternberg Grigorenko, 2004). Stereotypes of race state Asians are proficientRead MoreCultural Diversity in Perception: Alternative Views of Reality1577 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER FOUR CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN PERCEPTION: ALTERNATIVE VIEWS OF REALITY UNDERSTANDING PERCEPTION The physical mechanism of perception is pretty much the same in all people: sensory organs such as the eyes, ears, and nose permit us to sense our environment, and the sensations received by them are routed to our brains, where they are interpreted and accorded meaning in a two-stage sequence. The first stage is recognition or identification, in which a configuration of light or sound waves

Haitian Revolution The Revolution - 1199 Words

Haitian Revolution: The Haitian Revolution was led by Toussaint L’Ouverture from May 20, 1743 to April 7, 1803. It has been described as the largest and most successful slave rebellion. The rebellion was initiated in 1791 by the slaves. In the end, they had succeeded in ending slavery and French control on the colony. The Haitian Revolution consisted of multiple revolutions going simultaneously. The Haitian Revolution existed from 1791 to 1804. It was important because Haiti is the only country where slave freedom was taken by force and it was the only successful slave revolt. Industrial Revolution: During the Industrial Revolution, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban. It occurred from the 18th to the 19th†¦show more content†¦It also is a political theory and movement aiming to establish a system. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels expressed what they thought was scientific socialism. Socialism was first brought up in the 1848 right before the Revolutions swept Europe. Socialism was important because it was the reason that individuals or groups couldn’t round up enough resources to out do another group. With social equality in mind, it was intended to serve as a system that treat all humans equally and freedom to work. One thing about socialism that is very effective is that it can either go through a government or in a direct community organization. Nationalism: Nationalism is a belief that interests of a particular nation-state are important. People who share a common language, history, and culture should be independent and free of foreign domination. It is a sense of identity in a nation. John Quincy Adams was a major founder in nationalism. It began towards the end of the 18th century and spread throughout the 19th century. At the beginning of the 20th century it was still spreading throughout different countries. The American and French revolutions were two of the first to incorporate it. After that it spread through central Europe and then to the eastern and southeastern Europe. When the 20th century hit, it spread through lands of Asia and Africa. Nationalism is important because it is the bond that holdsShow MoreRelatedThe Revolution Of The Haitian Revolution1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe Haitian Revolution is one of the most effective and swift Slave revolts of all time. The causes of the Haitian Revolution were quite si mple and was similar to any other kind of slave revolt. Many ideas carried around by slave traders at the time such as treating slaves as property, using social/racial classes, and oppressive control ultimately tipped the slaves over the edge. Ideas of independence also sparked the revolution, and one key inspiration to the cause was The French Revolution. ThisRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution1975 Words   |  8 Pagesrebellion is called the Haitian Revolution. The Haitian Revolution is one of the largest slave revolts that have ever occurred. Finally fed up with oppression, severed rights under the French, and failed promises of liberty, the slaves of Saint Domingue took matters into their own hands. After years of violence and struggles for freedom, the slaves of Saint Domingue finally were emancipated, making all their efforts worthwhile. The Haitian Revolution is the most notable revolution that have ever occurredRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution And The American Revolution1365 Wor ds   |  6 PagesAtlantic World. In a time that can be called an era of revolution, the Atlantic World faced a multitude of uprisings. The American Revolution in 1765 would be the start of the age of revolutions, and would later inspire the revolutions of other countries across the Atlantic, such as the French Revolution in 1789, the Haitian Revolution in 1791, and later the Latin American Revolutions during the early nineteenth century. The events of these revolutions created shockwaves across the Atlantic that wouldRead MoreFrench Revolution vs. the Haitian Revolution762 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution vs. The Haitian Revolution A revolution is a shift, a turning point, a change in government. A revolution usually occurs when the majority of a nation is frustrated with the economic, political, or the social situation of their country. Two very interesting revolutions were the Haitian and the French revolutions. While the Haitian and French revolutions took place in close proximity to one another, the cause for the revolutions and results were quite different. The politicalRead MoreHaitian revolution Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1791 revolution broke out in the French colony of Saint Domingue, later called Haiti. The Haitian Revolution resounded in communities surrounding the Atlantic Ocean. One of the wealthiest European outposts in the New World, the Caribbean islands western third had some of the largest and most brutal slave plantations. Slave laborers cultivated sugar, coffee, indigo, and cotton, and they endured horrible death rates, requiring constant infusions of slaves from Africa. In 1789 roughly 465,000 blackRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution Of 17911317 Words   |  6 Pages The Haitian Revolution To say that all men are born and created equally is an understatement to say the least. Speaking morally, yes. But in reality, no. Especially if you are someone of African descent lost in the diaspora. Case in point, the Haitian Revolution. Holding someone against their will and forcing them into slavery is wrong. To force an unfair and unjustified debt upon a people for fighting for their freedom and winning is double wrong and equally as bad as slaveryRead MoreSuccess of the Haitian Revolution1897 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿The Success of the Haitian Revolution The Haitian Revolution was the result of a long struggle on the part of the slaves in the French colony of St. Domingue, but was also propelled by the free Mulattoes who had long faced the trials of being denoted as semi-citizens. This revolt was not unique, as there were several rebellions of its kind against the institution of plantation slavery in the Caribbean, but the Haitian Revolution the most successful. This had a great deal to do withRead More The Haitian Revolution Essay2474 Words   |  10 Pageseffects of the Haitian Revolution have played, and continue to play, a major role in the history of the Caribbean. During the time of this rebellion, slavery was a large institution throughout the Caribbean. The success of the sugar and other plantations was based on the large slave labor forces. Without these forces, Saint Domingue, the island with the largest sugar production, and the rest of the Caribbean, would face the threat of losing a profitable industry. The Haitian Revolution did not justRead MoreFactors Responsible for the Outbreak of the Haitian Revolution2143 Words   |  9 PagesCaribbean was the Haitian Revolution. This School Based Assessment (SBA) is aimed at identifying the main causes and effects of the Haitian Revolution. Another aim off this school Based Assessment is to seek to find out why most slave protest and rebellions failed to destroy the system of slavery. Factors that were responsible for the outbreak of the Haitian revolution Class division was a major factor, which contributed to the outbreak of the Haitian Revolution. In St Domingue, thereRead MoreLouvertures Efforts as Leader of the Haitian Revolution Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesThe Haitian Revolution was time of hectic blood shed war. Toussaint Louverture was the leader of the Haitians out of slavery and free from the Spanish. The colony of St. Domingue was a slave island, where slaves would work to make goods to be sent to Spain in return for nothing. The people were treated harsh and done wrong but by the efforts of Louverture they will become free. Louverture was the leader of the revolution but failed to complete his duties because of capture Jean- Jacques Dessalines

Music Education And The Language Development Of Young Kids

Music education is important to our generation in many different ways. Music is a huge part of many kids lives and they look up to it as happiness. Music is not just random words build up together, it has meaning and rhythm to it so we can understand the idea behind it. It has brought happiness in many humans and animals lives. Success in intelligence, school, and life. Music has dedicated us to do work and live our life. It is the new hope for younger kids. Everyone enjoys music. Some succeed in life and some do not because music is not provided in their habitat. Unfortunately for many years, music classes are the last elective choice to be added and is the first to be cut so there for, many of the music classes in schools are being demolished. The three main benefits of music education that comes to mind are the language development of young kids, success in and out of school, and how the kids have changes in their behavior with music and without music. Development of language for young kids in school are increasing in a positive way. Kids stay engaged in schools and learn faster than usual. When music classes are prohibited in schools, it gives the kids an interest of doing their work. The effect of music education on language development can be seen in the brain. Relationships between music and language is a big advantage for kids because the test scores and their SAT’s score has improved just because they have experienced with music performance. Kids with participationShow MoreRelatedEssay on Baby DJ School898 Words   |  4 Pagessamples of recorded music to make music†. The educational experience of Baby DJ School is a portal into the wonderful worlds of electro, hip-hop, and house music. Baby DJ school originated in Brooklyn, New York and was opened by Natalie Elizabeth Weiss, DJ, composer and playwright. She opened the school in order to â€Å"attribute gross and fine motor skills, spatial reasoning, and langua ge skills and foster a special bond between caretaker and baby.† The school provides an interactive music program for toddlersRead MoreBenefits Of Using The Arts896 Words   |  4 Pagesexposure. The research behind this paper will show that art belongs in the K-12 curricula in schools since education is fundamental to a child’s development. Almost everyone loves music, whether by playing an instrument, singing, or listening to it. Schools really make a mistake when they cut theirs arts budget dues to financial restraints. The study of art is equally as valuable. Take music for instance; instrumental training, musical training, creates long lasting changes in brain structure andRead MoreThe Importance of Music in Education1426 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Paper The Importance of Music in Education Whether we choose to believe it or not, music is a very present thing in one’s day to day lifestyle. From turning on the radio in the morning, to listening to it while grocery shopping, putting in our headphones while we study, music is always there. Music is also extremely underrated, which is why so many public schools are constantly threatening to take away music programs all the time. But why is music education so vital in the growth of studentsRead MoreThe Benefits of Music Education Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesBenefits of Music Education Due to budget cuts, students all across America are missing an opportunity that could benefit them greatly. Many changes all across America are cutting the fine arts program out of schools. The fine arts program is incredibly important for a child. Children should be exposed to music at a young age to help them succeed as an adult. Music education should be properly funded so they can gain important knowledge and life skills in school. Music benefits kids in multipleRead MoreMusic Is A Part Of My Life1637 Words   |  7 PagesI cannot recall a time when music was not a part of my life. Whether I was singing in a choir, jamming out to the radio in my car with the windows rolled down, or simply listening to music while studying, music has had a huge impact on who I have grown up to be and I would never want to change that. Like every other form of art, music is universal and can be enjoyed by people from all different backgrounds. It gives people a chance to understand the world differently rather than simply sitting inRead MoreHow Does Art And Music Help With Language Development?2947 Words   |  12 Pagesdoes art and music help with language development? Imagine a classroom in which children sing every day, establishing singing as an important social and cultural experience in each child s life. Singing is celebratory and social, establishing meaningful connections to children s lives and experiences, such as b irthdays, welcomes, sports events, and festivals (Ministry of Education, 2001). Researchers recognized that musical activities reinforce many aspects of language development. For example:Read MoreMusic Education At A Young Age1194 Words   |  5 Pagesdevaluing the importance of music. School districts are forced to cut spending on music education and replace it with other important classes, such as physical education. Music classes were the first to be cut because given a small to budget elementary schools, school officials have seen that music classes were unnecessary to education and believe that it has no benefit. I disagree with this statement because I believe it is crucial to have music education at a young age. Luckily, when I was in elementaryRead MoreA Child s Brain Is Always Growing And Absorbing New Information1311 Words   |  6 Pageschild s brain is always growing and absorbing new information. Thus meaning early education is a fundamental part of a child’s d evelopment. Experts say that one of the best ways for children to expand their minds and grow their opportunities is to learn a foreign language (Kathleen M. Marcos). While starting school can be intimidating for a child, it can seem even more daunting starting their education in a language different from what is spoken at home. However, the few challenges that come alongRead MoreMusic is Essential to a Complete Education1398 Words   |  6 PagesEducation is the foundation that our entire society is built on. Without education, society could not grow and prosper. Without education, we wouldnt have things like electricity, plumbing, or any other common amenities that is present in our society today. Education is important to not only the children receiving it, but to their parents and members of the community as a whole. Education is offered to many in U.S. thanks to public education, and laws that say children must be in school until theyRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Our Lives1 287 Words   |  6 PagesMusic is part of most of our everyday lives. Adults and Children value music for entertainment purposes, though many of us may not consider what it has to offer us beyond this use. From very early on, children learn nursery rhymes and explore the world of rhythm using pots and pans and wooden spoons. Many individuals acknowledge the importance of music in our lives for enrichment and culture. Research is beginning to uncover the far reaching benefits of music, not just for enjoyment, but also for

Psychology Department of Indiana University Free Essays

Brought up with an old fashioned nature, Skinner was a celebrated American psychologist. He was born to a family wherein he has a lawyer for a father and a rather intelligent and strong willed mother. He was born on the 20th of March in the year 1904. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology Department of Indiana University or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was a very active child who loved school a lot. One of his interests was to build things outdoors. However, there were depressing instances in his childhood as well. One of these instances involved the death of his brother at the age of 16. B. F. Skinner was born in Pennsylvania, Susquehana. He was raised to be an American, but sources say he has a trace of English in his ancestral line. He studied in New York at the Hamilton College, and attained his degree in English. He participated in a lot of extra curricular activities in school. But what could be remembered about him in that academic instituion is to have been required to attend church every day as an Atheist. One of his dreams was to become a good writer, and he tried to achieve that by sending copies of his stories and poetry. He tried to focus on building his craft, but in the end, he finally realized that writing would no be the career for him. With this in mind, he instead hesitated with his writing lifestyle and took his masters and doctorate degrees on pschology in Harvard. He led the Psychology Department of Indiana University as the chairperson in the year 1945. He was invited to be at Harvard, where he stayed until he passed. He achieved a lot of research and application about his theories and studiies. But one remained highly significant. When he failed to become the writer he hoped himself to be, he became the scholar that will forever be remembered for his contributions to the society and to the acedeme. He was considered as the most celebrated psychologist, after Freud. He remains to be remembered to today because his passing was not yet that long ago. With that said, the impact he had on the country was well remembered and creditted for. Some of his significant sttudies was on the theory of Operant Condition. As the basis of the theories that followed this one, his theory became of the most memorable theories. This theory involves how people are merely bouncing in their own world, doing what it was doing when he was seen. He also called this operating due to the nature that it involves reaction, brought about a certain stimulus. In other terms, a person does one thing and experiences consequences. The next time he experiences a similar stimulus, he would try to evade the consequences that follows it—either by rejecting the possibility or changing certain elements. This theory began the line of other theories established under his name and study. By this, he was made famous. A lot of people got curious about his discoveries, and these in turn, were shared to a lot of other people. His knowledge is perhaps his greatest asset, without it, he would not have been able to establish himself in the manner that his theories are well taken in academic institutions. His life was not only introduced to a wide array of possibilities when he began to study psychology, but he was able to establish his mark in the history of man. He began by dreaming of becoming a writer. However, in the end, he got himself into psychology, and discovered that this would be much preferable. Reference Boeree, C. G. (2006). B. F. Skinner. Retrieved April 11, 2008 from http://webspace. ship. edu/cgboer/skinner. html. How to cite Psychology Department of Indiana University, Papers

Investment Opportunities in Adventure Tourism in Australia

Question: Discuss about theInvestment Opportunities in Adventure Tourism in Australia. Answer: Introduction: Adventure tourism is one of the fastest growing sector in Australia. In all the stages of economic development, the adventure tourism has been the priority of Australia for the growth of the market and this is because they are able to recognize the cultural, ecological and economic value. Adventure tourism is international as well as domestic. Australia is regarded as one of the top destinations for adventure travel according to the World Youth Student and Educational Travel Confederation (Randle and Hoye 2016). Several Australians states actively courts backpackers and have created Backpackers action plan. In the state of Victoria, the action plan comes with statement that the backpackers are less vulnerable to the fluctuating economic conditions and in the wake of global financial crisis, it would be the resilient travelers (Abascal et al. 2016). The research proposal is intended to highlight the long term competitiveness in the adventure tourism. It would also take into consideration the importance of collaboration of private and public sector within the adventure tourism. In the later part, hypothesis is developed about the scope of investment in this sector. Hypothesis developed would predict Research questions will be framed on the basis of impact of adventure tourism on the economy, community development and considering the macro economic factors as well (Mason 2015). Role of tourism sector in Australia is to enhance the international and domestic leisure tourism and international business events. Over the past years, adventure tourism in Australia has grown exponentially and tourist are visiting the destination that is previously not discovered (Rice 2014). Problem Statement: Few studies have analyzed the relationship between investment opportunities in adventure tourism in Australia. Economy is greatly impacted by investment made in tourism sector and thereby provides the platform of economic development. Therefore, present study analyses the available investment opportunities and how far the investment level in adventure tourism contributes to economic and community development. Literature Review: Current Scenario of Tourism in Australia: Since last decade, Australian northern territory has record of facilitating the substantial projects. The land development corporation of Australia plays a crucial role in the development and growth of the territory by delivering the investment opportunities in a commercially manner (Morgan 2016). Destinations and business which is involved in tourism considers several factors while successfully creating the demand for their offerings. Tourism sector in Australia is known for its ability to create many opportunities that enhance the performance of the economy. Adventure Tourism in Australia: Adventure tourism is growing subset of the Tourism market which seeks programs and activities having the perception of uncertain outcome. Adventure tourism in defined as the activities that are commercially operated and this involves combination of excitement and adventure that is pursed in outdoor environment (Skift.com 2017). Adventure tourism incorporates the broad range of activities that include low risk adventure activities such as tamping to high risk adventure activities such as white water rafting. There are White Water River rafting in New South Wales and Sydney (Buckley et al. 2014). Supply chain of the adventure tourism in Australia is complex and does not follow the traditional pattern. Adventure tour operators plays a key role in contributing to the sustainable vision of the sectors by promoting the activities and choosing the facilities (Dredge et al. 2014). Adventure tourism in Australia is attracting the attention for its emphasis on culture of the company. Australia offers prepackaged adventure tourism market often including the adventure neophytes. Research Questions and Hypothesis: Research Questions: Is the collaboration of public and private sector has any impact on the development of adventure tourism in Australia. Does adventure tourism provides the business opportunities in Australia? Do adventure tourism contributes effectively in the economy and community development and attract high value customers? Hypothesis: Following hypothesis are set in order to make recommendation for the investment opportunities of adventure tourism in Australia: Null hypothesis (H0): Australia does not have any investment opportunities in the adventure tourism. Alternative hypothesis (H1): Adventure tourism does not provide any investment opportunities in Australia. Operational Definitions and Measurement: Data for conducting the research are collected by limiting the number of respondents to seventy. This is done so that any kind of complication are avoided with the techniques of research. For the measurement of the different type of respondents from the participants, Likert scale has been used. Likert scale is used for scaling the responses obtained from the respondents. This represents the attitude of the participants in the research toward the particular topic. Researcher needs to set various parameters for executing the Likert Scale. For the purpose of quantitative analysis of the primary information or data collected form the respondents, it will be suitable to convert the responses percentage terms. From the above analysis, it is shown that the respondents Research Methodologies: Research Design Under the present study, descriptive research design is considered in which the researcher describes a particular situation. This is based on collection, presentation and designing of collected data. Sampling Techniques Analysis of the primary data and secondary data will form the basis of the sampling techniques used. It has been observed that the total number of respondents for conducting the research is seventy. Respondents would comprise of information collected from the hotels and tourism spots in Australia. It would also includes the higher authority and senior level managers who are seeking to expand the business via the adventure tourism in Australia. Secondary data would comprise of the reports of the several investments made in the Tourism sector. Analysis would be done on the basis of the quantitative data collected from the field of enquiry and from the various secondary sources. Method of Analysis: Primary collection data is done by using the survey method. In addition to this, analysis of the quantitative data collected from the respondents is further done by evaluating the data based on the central tendency analysis. Analysis of collected data is better understood by using some of the statistical tool such as standard deviation, mean, skewness, kurtosis and performing several tests. For the analysis of the secondary data collected, it is suitable to consider theoretical bases that has been used for the purpose for literature review. Research Process Research process will be initiated by identifying the types of investments made in the adventure tourism in Australia. Process of collecting the data will be started by carrying out the survey. Questionnaires framed would be distributed to the respondents. Which are seventy in number. Such questions would be asked to the senior managers of the tourism sector and the hotels and several respondents from the tourist spot. Descriptive statistical value of the data would be found out by carrying out the analysis using the approach of central tendency. Investigation of investment opportunities in the adventure tourism is done by evaluating collected data. Expected Outcome It has been studies by different authors that several places in Australia such as Victoria, New South Wales and Sydney serve as the ideal destinations for adventure tourism. It has been found that adventure tourism supports local economies and encourages sustainable practices in Australia. Outcome of the research would depict the positivity contributed to the economy, business and community due to investment made in the adventure tourism sector in Australia. Adventure tourism may require less capital investment for infrastructure. In order for the adventure tourism to flourish, it is necessary that investment is made in the elements complimenting the natural, adventurous and cultural assets. Research is depicting the need for collaboration of the public and private sector for creating fertile ground for adventure tourism. While the government can work to ensure that the practices, policies and attitudes are in place and private sectors can contribute to the development of adventure tourism sector. This can be done by creating compelling and innovative products. Conclusion, Interpretation and Recommendation: Findings from research have been analyzed in detail by considering the bases of theory, reviewing the relevant literature, literature background. It also includes hypothesis that is selected for analysis of data and techniques of interpretation have been applied to relevant questions. The interpretation of collaboration of the public and private sector on influencing the investment opportunities on adventure tourism sector has been seen with the partial response by the respondents. This is in light of the reluctance of the private sector to focus their efforts in promoting investment in adventure tourism because of long term challenges of maintaining business. Respondents partially agreed with the availability of scope of business and investment opportunities for the adventure tourism. This secondary interpretation shows respondents tendency towards partial awareness. Moreover, the respondents have shown agreement of adventure tourism on the community development and attracts the customers of high value. Therefore, continued growth of these sector would have a positive impact on the destination economies, people and environment. On the basis of interpretation of last research question presented, it has been found that several adventure companies in Australia are increasingly opening up new destinations, developing new products and taking initiatives in attracting new clients by enhancing their commitment to sustainability. From above discussion and interpretation, null hypothesis associated with availability of investment opportunities in Australia can be rejected. Hence, alternative hypothesis would be accepted. Reference: Abascal, T.E., Fluker, M. and Jiang, M., 2016. Domestic demand for Indigenous tourism in Australia: understanding intention to participate.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,24(8-9), pp.1350-1368. Buckley, R., 2014. Adventure tourism as a research tool in non-tourism disciplines.Tourism Recreation Research,39(1), pp.39-49. Buckley, R., Shakeela, A. and Guitart, D., 2014. Adventure tourism and local livelihoods.Annals of Tourism Research,48, pp.269-272. Dredge, D., Airey, D. and Gross, M.J., 2014.The routledge handbook of tourism and hospitality education. Routledge. Horner, S. and Swarbrooke, J., 2016.Consumer behaviour in tourism. Routledge. Mason, P., 2015.Tourism impacts, planning and management. Routledge. Morgan, D., 2016. Adventure tourism.Encyclopedia of Tourism, pp.10-11. Randle, E.J. and Hoye, R., 2016. Stakeholder perception of regulating commercial tourism in Victorian National Parks, Australia.Tourism Management,54, pp.138-149. Rice, P., 2014. Universal management: a proposal to change the direction of accessibility management in the Australian tourism industry to create benefits for all Australians and visitors to Australia.Review of Disability Studies: An International Journal,2(2). Skift.com. (2017). Available at: https://skift.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/unwto-global-report-on-adventure-tourism.pdf [Accessed 29 Jan. 2017].